Before all let's update the installation:
sudo apt clean
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y
sudo apt dist-upgrade -y
sudo apt install linux-headers-$(uname -r) make gcc dkms kpartx
Window Server
To have a graphical interface we need to install window server. In particular case it will be xorg:
sudo apt install xorg
Window Manager
As a window manager we will use i3. To install it, run:
sudo apt install apt-transport-https --yes
sudo apt install i3
Now run startx command to start a window server. If everything installed correctly, i3 session will appear.
Following steps, displayed by i3, should be created configuration file in ~/.config/i3/config.
To start GUI automatically on login, you may add startx to the ~/.bashrc or similar.
Firewall
Install ufw:
sudo apt isntall ufw
Ensure that /etc/default/ufw contains:
IPV6=yes
IPV4=yes
Than enable firewall:
sudo ufw allow 22/ssh
sudo ufw enable
Grub Configuration
To reduce time while Grub menu is open on startup open Grub configuration file:
vim /etc/default/grub
And change the line GRUB_TIMEOUT to the number of seconds you need.
After that run:
sudo update-grub
Parallels
Installing Debian as VM in Parallels there will be a problem installing parallels tools. To solve it need to remount Parallels drive:
sudo mount -oro,exec,remount /media/cdrom
sudo /media/cdrom/install # then run installer